Refrigerant solutions obey a second physical principle, which states that gases cool as they expand and heat up as they are compressed. While cycling through the refrigeration system , the refrigerant is sent through a series of pressure changes to improve the efficiency and speed with which it removes heat from the refrigerated space to keep it cold. Refrigerant is the key to the success of modern commercial refrigeration systems. Want a free course on industrial refrigeration?
Start your free Ammonia eLessons today by clicking here. Danfoss Learning is an online training platform that has hundreds of free eLessons that you can access from your computer, smartphone, or tablet. Discover how Ammonia can help make industrial refrigeration applications more efficient and environmentally friendly with our eLesson series today. Industrial refrigeration applications are typically used in places like cold food storage, dairy processing, Beverage production, Ice rinks and heavy industry, these sorts of places.
These are large scale cooling systems. It has an ozone depletion rating of zero and a global warming potential of less than 1. If we compare that to other common refrigerants such as Ra with a GWP of 1, and then RA which has a GWP of 3, you can see why ammonia is very beneficial to use. Ammonia is also cheap to produce and energy efficient to use. Ammonia is toxic however and can also be flammable at certain concentrations.
If ammonia leaks it will react with the carbon and water in the air to form ammonium bicarbonate which is a harmless washed compound.
We start off with the compressor, this is the heart of system and is what pumps the ammonia refrigerant around the refrigeration system to provide the cooling. It pulls in refrigerant that has collected all the unwanted heat from the evaporator and it compresses this into a much smaller volume so all that thermal energy is very tightly packed together, making the refrigerant very hot.
The refrigerant is sucked into the compressor as a low-pressure vapour and it leaves as a high-pressure vapour. The condenser cools the refrigerant down by pulling the unwanted heat out of the refrigerant and discharges heat this into the ambient outside air.
This is typically done by passing the hot refrigerant through the inside of some small tubes and using a fan to force cooler ambient air across the outside of the tubes to cool it down and carry the heat away. Only the heat of the refrigerant passes through the pipe wall and is carried away by the air and water.
As the heat is removed the refrigerant condenses into a liquid. So it leaves the condenser as a high pressure liquid refrigerant and flows to the receiver. This allows it to maintain a minimum head pressure and also perform under varying cooling loads, providing a buffer. The refrigerant then flows to the expansion valve which regulates the pressure and addition of liquid refrigerant to the evaporator circuit.
From the expansion valve the refrigerant flows into the liquid separator, the liquid flows to the bottom and is then typically sucked in by a set of refrigerant pumps, these pumps ensure correct circulation rate through the evaporators as the cooling load varies. The refrigerant is then pushed to the expansion valves of the evaporators which regulate the flow of refrigerant into the cooling load.
The cold refrigerant enters the evaporator and passes on the inside of some pipes inside the evaporator and a fan blows the warm room air across the outside of these tubes. The cold refrigerant absorbs this heat so the air leaves much cooler and thus provides cooling to the space.
The compressor is used in commercial refrigeration by letting the refrigerant run the circuit. The power comes from the electric motor fixed in the system. The refrigerant flows from the compressor through a condenser. When this process happens, it is in the condenser where vapor converts into liquid form and emanates heat.
In the air-cooled process chillers, the moisture is presented to a higher temperature than the air going through the condenser.
In water-cooled process refrigerant systems, the refrigerant vapor is presented to a higher temperature than the water going through the condenser. The refrigerant process completes its cycle in the condenser. Now, it goes through the metering device or expansion valve, and the pressure drops. Finally, The refrigerant reaches the evaporator; here, the heat causes it to vaporize. The evaporator collects heat from the space that is set to be cooled.
Then, the refrigerant goes back to the compressor, and the entire cycle starts once again. Whether you run a restaurant or a school, you know just how important it is to keep your commercial cooler in good working condition. When a problem crops up, it costs you money by the minute. If your refrigerator is leaking, a plugged drain hose or defrost drain opening could be to blame.
Or the gasket around the door could be worn. If fluid has accumulated in the fresh food compartments of your refrigerator, it could be the result of old or damaged door seals. Examine your seals, and call our experts for replacement service. If you notice excessive frost in your freezer, the defrost system may be faulty, or the evaporator fan motor may need to be replaced. If your commercial refrigerator stopped working altogether, the first thing to check is the thermostat—chances are, you need to have it replaced.
Keeping your work force up-to-date on the refrigeration system they use can help you better communicate with employees, and get a better understanding of your business needs. Here are some basics on how industrial refrigeration systems function. Some people believe cooling systems create cold air, but this is not technically the case. In order to experience cold, you have to remove the heat from something, and this is the basic principle behind all refrigeration systems.
When a liquid evaporates, it removes heat with the vapor. To demonstrate, wet your hands and hold them in front of an electric fan. The evaporating water is what takes the heat from your hands, and they feel cool. A typical refrigeration system including an industrial ammonia refrigeration system uses a liquid refrigerant to transfer heat from inside the space to outside the space.
A compressor pumps the refrigerant through evaporation coils, and condenser coils. Refrigerant becomes a gas absorbs heat in the evaporator and returns to liquid in the condenser unit, where it loses its heat. In fact, a condenser fan blows heat from the condenser coils.
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